What action can the Commission take against the UK? Does the UK have any defences that it can rely on?

Presentation The European Commission is required to guarantee that all Member States consent to EU law and in this way search out any encroachments that are occurring. On the off chance that essential, the Commission may stop such encroachments by starting procedures in the European Court of Justice (ECJ); Van Gend en Loos v Nederlandse Administratie der Belastingen. Such procedures are brought under Articles 258, 259 and 260 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) (already Articles 226, 277 and 228 of the European Community (EC)). In the moment situation, the Commission has chosen to make a move against the UK under Article 258 TFEU for neglecting to satisfy its commitments under the Treaty. This is being done in light of the fact that the UK has neglected to actualize the new Directive (the Directive), received by the Council of Europe, that should have been executed by all Member States by the 1 February 2014. Article 258 states; â€Å"If the Commission looks at that as a Member State had neglected to satisfy a commitment under the Treaties, it will convey a contemplated supposition on the issue in the wake of allowing the State concerned the chance to present its observations†. The UK will along these lines have a chance to raise any safeguards inside the time that has been determined by the Commission. In the event that the UK neglects to present its perceptions, the Commission may then bring the issue before the ECJ as appeared in Commission v United Kingdom. Here, it was held by the ECJ that; â€Å"assuming the Commission’s entries are right, it isn't for the Court to give such a translation with the point of remedying Article 2(1) of the Thirteenth Directive†. This case shows that regardless of whether the Commission makes a move against the UK, this doesn't imply that the ECJ will mediate. As called attention to by Haynes; â€Å"the Court has throughout the years been fairly conflicting as far as the level of intervention ism wherein it is set up to participate so as to secure and save the honesty of Community enactment and to resolve those irregularities that definitely creep in.† Despite this, it is dependent upon the Commission to choose whether encroachment procedures should be started; Alfons Lutticke GmbH v Commission. The Commission subsequently assumes a significant job in propelling encroachment procedures against Member States and is equipped for making â€Å"whatever move it esteems fitting in light of either a grievance or signs of encroachments which it recognizes itself.† An investigatory procedure will initially be attempted, which will at that point be trailed by a letter of formal notification that will be served upon the Member State. When a letter of formal notification has been served upon the Member State, where vital, a referral to the ECJ will at that point be made. The system that has been built up under Article 258 TFEU comprises of two stages; pre-suit and prose cution. The expectation of the pre-prosecution stage is to give a Member State the chance to conform to the Treaty necessities or give a legitimization of its explanations behind not doing as such; Commision v France. Consequently, the Commission is equipped for utilizing the pre-prosecution stage as an instrument to convince the UK to consent to the Directive. On the off chance that the Commission is fruitless in convincing the UK to agree to the Directive, the pre-suit stage will be utilized as a methods for characterizing the topic of the contest; Joined Cases 142/80 and 143/80 Essevi and Salengo. It will at that point be dependent upon the ECJ to decide if the UK has penetrated its obligations under the Treaty; Germany v Commission. In speaking with the UK on its encroachment, all things considered, the Commission will utilize the EU Pilot that was built up as a methods for correspondence between the Commission and Member States. On the off chance that the EU Pilot neglects to d etermine the debate, the Commission may impel encroachment procedures by allowing the UK the chance to present its perceptions. This is finished by giving a letter of formal notification; Commission v Austria. The UK will thus get the opportunity to present its purposes behind not actualizing the Directive as appeared in Commission v Portugal. In like manner, it will along these lines be contended that there was pressure on parliamentary time and that the Directive will be executed in a matter of seconds. The UK will likewise have the option to advance its perceptions on Portugal’s non-execution of the Directive and the way that it is ahead of schedule to bring an implementation activity against the UK. In the event that the Commission doesn't concur with the UK’s reaction and the UK has not made any endeavor to execute the Directive, the Commission may line this up with a contemplated Opinion, which may then prompt an activity before the ECJ; Commission v Germany. The Commission, as its would like to think, will set out the activity it requires the UK to take so as to agree to the Directive and the reasons why it thinks the UK has neglected to satisfy one of its Treaty commitments; Commission v Italy. While the time furthest reaches that will be set down will be founded on various variables, including the criticalness of the issue, all things considered, the UK will have around 60 days to react to the contemplated Opinion. This is planned to offer the UK a chance to go along or set forward its privilege of barrier as outlined in Commission v Luxembourg. In the event that the UK doesn't agree to the contemplated Opinion, the Commission will be fit for choosing whether the issue ought to be brought before the ECJ. The ECJ won't be worried about the nature or reality of the encroachment; Commission v Netherlands, however rather whether there has been an inability to satisfy commitments; Commission v Italy and the weight of confirmation will be on t he Commission. Given that there has been a disappointment by the UK to satisfy its Treaty commitments under the new Directive, the ECJ will find that there has been an encroachment. Despite the fact that the UK might have the option to advance a protection that the Directive will be executed instantly, it is far fetched that this will get the job done as there is next to no odds that barriers to encroachment are fruitful; Commission v Germany and Commission v Austria. Nor will the UK have the option to contend that there has been pressure on Parliamentary time since it was prove in Commission v Spain that Member States may not argue that circumstances or works on existing in its inside lawful request have caused the encroachment as this won't legitimize an inability to agree to commitments under EU law. By and by, in Commission v Italy had the option to depend on power majeure to legitimize rebelliousness when it experienced transitory insuperable troubles keeping it from consistenc e. Weight on parliamentary time isn't probably going to be viewed as a brief insuperable troublesome. Besides, the way that Portugal has neglected to actualize the Directive will be unimportant as it was clarified in the Commission v France case that a Member State can't depend on a potential encroachment of the Treaties by another Member State to legitimize its own encroachment. Since the UK has battled that it will actualize the Directive without further ado, all things considered, the standard of true devotion (Article 4(3) TFEU) will apply. This rule shows that Member States will act in accordance with some basic honesty by co-working and giving the Commission will the pertinent data it demands; Commission v Luxembourg. 2. Does Mr Steymann have any legitimate option to seek after the issue himself in EU Law? Mr Steymann won't have the option to welcome an activity to the ECJ on the premise that his advantages have been hurt by the UK’s inability to actualize the Directive ; Star Fruit Co. v Commission. Notwithstanding, he will have two alternatives accessible to him. He can either submit a question to the Commission, which may bring about the Commission starting procedures under Article 258 TFEU, or he can acquire procedures the UK courts under the standard of direct impact. When an objection is gotten by the Commission, a choice will at that point be made concerning whether procedures should be started against the UK. In settling on this choice, the Commission will demand its optional capacity to decide if it merits beginning procedures. In Commission v Greece a protest was made to the Commission, which brought about procedures being initiated. The Commission, as its would like to think, built up that there was an enthusiasm for bringing procedures and the activity was regarded acceptable to the extent that it concerned the topic of the debate. EU law encroachments may likewise be tested under the steady gaze of national courts, through the guidelin e of direct impact. All things considered, Mr Steymann might have the option to seek after the issue himself the UK courts he if can exhibit that the Directive has direct impact and that there exists a proper cure. When the UK executes the Directive, Mr Steyman will no doubt sell more gas boilers as he seems, by all accounts, to be burdened by the way that the UK has neglected to actualize the new Directive. It will be increasingly costly to produce the gear in the UK in consistence with EU law, which will keep UK makers from having the option to sell the boilers at a much lower cost. The guideline of direct impact permits Member States to be tested at national level by disputants looking to depend on the immediate impact of EU law. Mr Steymann will along these lines be fit for exploiting the immediate impact standard, which empowers people to promptly conjure an European arrangement before a national or European court as featured in Van Gend en Loos v Nederlandse Administratie der Belastingen. As the outcome in the moment situation is between an individual and the State, Mr Steymann will have the option to conjure the European arrangement through vertical direct impact. For a Directive to have direct impact, in any case, the commitments must be clear, exact and unequivocal. This was recognized in Van Duyn v Home Office it was held by the Cour

Understanding Delphi Project and Unit Source Files

Understanding Delphi Project and Unit Source Files To put it plainly, a Delphi venture is only an assortment of records that make up an application made by Delphi. DPR is the document expansion utilized for the Delphi Project record configuration to store all the documents identified with the venture. This incorporates other Delphi document types like Form records (DFMs) and Unit Source records (.PASs). Since itsâ quite regular for Delphi applications to share code or recently tweaked structures, Delphi composes applications into these task records. The task is comprised of the visual interface alongside the code that actuates the interface. Each venture can have numerous structures that let you assemble applications that have various windows. The code that is required for a structure is put away in the DFM record, which can likewise contain general source code data that can be shared by all the applications structures. A Delphi venture can't be incorporated except if a Windows Resource record (RES) is utilized, which holds the projects symbol and variant data. It may likewise contain different assets as well, similar to pictures, tables, cursors, and so on. RES records are produced naturally by Delphi. Note: Files that end in the DPR record expansion are additionally Digital InterPlot documents utilized by the Bentley Digital InterPlot program, however they don't have anything to do with Delphi ventures. DPR Files The DPR document contains indexes for building an application. This is ordinarily a lot of straightforward schedules which open the primary structure and whatever other structures that are set to be opened naturally. It at that point begins the program by calling the Initialize, CreateForm, and Run strategies for the worldwide Application object. The worldwide variable Application, of type TApplication, is in each Delphi Windows application. Application epitomizes your program just as gives numerous capacities that happen out of sight of the product. For instance, Application handles how you would call an assistance record from the menu of your program. DPROJ is another document group for Delphi Project records, however rather, stores venture settings in the XML design. PAS Files The PAS document position is held for the Delphi Unit Source records. You can see the present ventures source code through the Project View Source menu. Despite the fact that you can peruse and alter the task document like you would any source code, much of the time, you will let Delphi keep up the DPR record. The principle motivation to see the task record is to see the units and structures that make up the venture, just as to see which structure is determined as the applications fundamental structure. Another motivation to work with the venture document is when youre making a DLL record instead of an independent application. Or on the other hand, in the event that you need some startup code, for example, a sprinkle screen before the fundamental structure is made by Delphi. This is the default venture record source code for another application that has one structure called Form1: program Project1;uses Forms, Unit1 in Unit1.pas {Form1};{$R *.RES}begin Application.Initialize; Application.CreateForm(TForm1, Form1) ; Application.Run; end. The following is a clarification of every one of the PAS records parts: program This catchphrase recognizes this unit as a projects fundamental source unit. You can see that the unit name, Project1, follows the program catchphrase. Delphi gives the task a default name until you spare it as something other than what's expected. At the point when you run a venture document from the IDE, Delphi utilizes the name of the Project record for the name of the EXE document that it makes. It peruses the utilizations condition of the task document to figure out which units are a piece of an undertaking. {$R *.RES} The DPR record is connected to the PAS document with the assemble mandate {$R *.RES}. For this situation, the indicator speaks to the foundation of the PAS record name instead of any document. This compiler mandate advises Delphi to incorporate this tasks asset document, similar to its symbol picture. start and end The start and end square is the fundamental source code hinder for the venture. Instate Despite the fact that Initialize is the principal technique brought in the primary source code, it isnt the main code that is executed in an application. The application initially executes the introduction segment of the considerable number of units utilized by the application. Application.CreateForm The Application.CreateForm proclamation stacks the structure determined in its contention. Delphi adds an Application.CreateForm proclamation to the task record for each structure that is incorporated. This codes work is to initially apportion memory for the structure. The announcements are recorded in the request that the structures are added to the undertaking. This is the request that the structures will be made in memory at runtime. On the off chance that you need to change this request, don't alter the task source code. Rather, utilize the Project Options menu. Application.Run The Application.Run proclamation begins the application. This guidance tells the pre-pronounced item called Application, to start preparing the occasions that happen during the run of a program. Case of Hiding the Main Form/Taskbar Button The Application objects ShowMainForm property decides if a structure will appear at startup. The main condition for setting this property is that it must be called before the Application.Run line. /Presume: Form1 is the MAIN FORM Application.CreateForm(TForm1, Form1) ; Application.ShowMainForm : False; Application.Run;

Argumentative Research Paper

Argumentative Research PaperAn argumentative research paper is one of the most difficult types of papers to write. In order to write one, you need to think about it from the perspective of the author, or writer, and not necessarily that of the reader.You may have an initial idea for a paper that you want to use as a template, but the format may not fit what is required by your academic institution. You may not even be able to work within the type of format they require. This is where the argumentative research paper comes in.There are two major styles that can be used for argumentative research papers. The first is the scholarly style, where the argumentative research paper is based on and contains quotations and examples. The other style is called the 'composite style', where the writer will simply add up several arguments to make their points. Both styles can be used, and can differ between institutions.The scholar's argument is much more complex than the standard research paper. Y ou need to take into account many elements such as statistics, illustrations, and quotations. Of course, the facts you will need will be very specific to the argument that you are making. The goal of the scholar is to get their point across, and to engage the reader.The basic goal of the composite style of argumentative research paper is to find the best way to illustrate the main points you want to make. These are referred to as the arguments in the academic world.It is important that you do not just copy the style from the researcher's research. In most cases, you will be using this style because the researcher has used it, or you have used it. However, do not copy the argument from the research because you do not have the style that they did. You must find your own style and use this style.Remember that you should have a lot of personal experience with the arguments, and examples that you will use in your own original research. Use the research as a guide, but do not base your ar gument solely on the research. It is important that you know what the reader is going to think when you present it. It is also important that you have personal experience with the author's style and arguments before you use it.You will find that the essay that you produce will be unique because the evidence you have used for your original research, or just for your own ideas, will be what you will be basing your argument on. You will also find that the research paper will be different than what you would write if you were basing it on research that you had done for an entirely different purpose. It is important that you are careful not to copy the research style, but rather to find your own style that you will be able to write.

Bram Stoker’s Dracula - 1087 Words

In the 19th century, this basis of scary and thriller books started to emerge. This essay will be about who Dracula enticed women, how his detainer was unsettling and demonic. How the era in which the novel was written plays a part in the ideas of Dracula and how behaves; with such things as women, food, and Harker. The Victorian era definitely influenced the writing of the time through reflections of exploitation of women and a certain darkness in ones self, also explains of mystery and suspense. Abraham (Bram) Stoker was born in Dublin in 1847, the third of seven children. As a child he was sickly and bedridden. To entertain him, his mother would tell him horror stories. He overcame his illness and, by the time he entered Trinity†¦show more content†¦The reader can tell when Harker has let his control slip out of his own grasp, when he says things such as â€Å"I shall fear to doubt what he may say† (Stoker, 49). He is scared at The Count’s castle because he does not know him well, only knows of him and also because he does not know what he is capable of. A vigorous scene that Harker encountered as he awoke: â€Å"As my eyes opened involuntarily I saw his strong hand gasp the slender neck of the fair women†¦ blue eyes transformed with fury, the white teeth champing with rage†(Stoker, 51). For a person who keeps to him self, Count has vaulted hidden strength. Once he had witness this it changed his complete perspective on The Count. Dracula’s enticement in woman had met them with a deathly cost, which appears in this quote: â€Å"You are but mortal woman. Time is now to be dreaded-since once he put that mark upon your throat(Stoker, 347). Women are a quite big topic in Dracula and have many acts between them and vampires. There are also many references to women’s true purity when Dracula says â€Å"unequalled sweetness and purity† (Stoker 224). This reference to a woman’s true pureness is destroyed. Then is restored once the vampires had leaved the woman alone. True women in this kind of society are expected to be sexually and physically pure. â€Å"With aShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Bram Stokers Dracula2059 Words   |  9 PagesVoluptuous Vampire or Proper Prude Written and set in the late 19th century, Bram Stoker’s epistolary novel Dracula is a pivotal book in gothic/horror literature. Like most novels written by men, Dracula appeals more to the male audience and their fantasies and fears about women than to the Victorian Age woman. In the novel, Lucy and Mina are the only two female characters the reader meets in detail, and they are also the only two characters that are seen becoming vampires – indeed, they are theRead MoreAn Analysis of Bram Stokers Dracula885 Words   |  4 PagesBram Stoker’s Dracula is the story about how the small company of men and a woman lead by Professor Abraham Van Helsing combats against Count Dracula, who moves from Transylvania to England in order to manipulate people as â€Å"foul things of the night like him, without heart or conscience, preying on the bodies and the souls of those [they] love best† (223). Stoker employs an epistolary format in this novel and nowadays, Dracula becomes one of popular literary works representing epistolary novels writtenRead MoreComparison Of Count Dracula In Bram Stokers Dracula And Dracula1449 Words   |  6 PagesDracula is the infamous vampire, that readers were ï ¬ rst introduced to by Irish author Bram Stoker in 1897 when they read his novel Dracula (Stoker). The author conveys the story of Count Dracula, a mysterious being that is half man, half vampire that sucks blood from the neck of his victims to stay alive (Stoker). This novel is an outstanding masterpiece of work, which is why it has been a prototype for various movie releases over the decades, such as Nosferatu, Horror of Dracula, Dracula A LoveRead More Comparison of Dracula and Bram Stokers Dracula Essay1462 Words   |  6 PagesCompare/Contrast Dracula and Bram Stokers Dracula A noticeable difference in the way movies have changed over the years is evident when comparing and contrasting two films of different eras which belong to the same genre and contain the same subject matter. Two vampire movies, Dracula and Bram Stokers Dracula, present an interesting example of this type of study. Comparing the 1931 version of Dracula, starring Bela Lugosi, with Frances Ford Coppolas Bram Stokers Dracula 1993 version yieldsRead More Bram Stoker’s Dracula Essay2356 Words   |  10 PagesBram Stoker’s Dracula Bram Stoker’s Dracula is a classic example of Gothic writing. Gothic writing was very popular in the 18th and 19th centuries. In the early centuries, Gothic writing would frighten the audience and it was also used as a style of architecture. Dracula, which was first published in 1897, would definitely cause a shock as there was a supernatural being, roaming around sucking people’s blood by the neck. Gothic literature usually includes vampires, monsters or some typeRead MoreEssay on Bram Stokers Dracula1698 Words   |  7 PagesBram Stokers Dracula Bram Stokers Dracula is one of the most renowned British novels of all time. It has left its marks on many aspects of literature and film. Many thematic elements are present throughout the story and have been interpreted in many ways. Stoker uses his characters to manifest the themes that he wishes to imply. Three themes that present themselves throughout the book are the theme of Christian Redemption, science and technology, and sexual expression. Christian RedemptionRead MoreDracula, Gothic And Epistolary Novels Of Dracula And Bram Stokers Dracula1357 Words   |  6 PagesIn the late 1890s Bram Stoker takes historical information and old European folktales to create famous Gothic novels like Dracula; Before writing Dracula, he studied for eight years stories of vampires. The title of Stoker’s story has historical significance to Vlad Dracul the 3rd, a Wallachian ruler who impaled his victims on stakes. Bram Stoker also was influenced by his lifetime, before the publication of Dracula, Gothic and Epistolary novels were on the rise hence why Dracula is classified asRead MoreEssay on Paternalism in Bram Stokers Dracula920 Words   |  4 PagesPaternalism in Bram Stokers Dracula      Ã‚   Paternalism is the domination of a society by a male or parental figure that leads or governs much like the way a father would direct his family.   In Victorian society, the idea of paternalism was prevalent.   The idea was also frequently used as a motif in western literature.   Bram Stokers novel Dracula, published in 1897, depicts a paternalistic society through a repression of the female sex and a continuous exaltation of the domineering maleRead MorePsychoanalytical Analysis of Bram Stokers Dracula1790 Words   |  8 PagesCarlos Dena Honors English 11 5/20/13 Critical Analysis on Dracula With several illicit subjects listed throughout Bram Stoker’s Dracula, the book becomes a playground for psychoanalysts. Whether it be to see a subjects as simple as the conscious take over a character, or a character’s surroundings corrupting its victims, Dracula intrigues in more ways than just its vampiristic features. The following is a psychoanalytic study with a focus on vampirism imitating sexual practice and drug usage todayRead MoreEssay on A Summary of Bram Stokers Dracula1054 Words   |  5 PagesA Summary of Bram Stokers Dracula Dracula is an epistolary novel, meaning that is composed from letters, journal and diary entries, telegrams, and newspaper clippings. Jonathan Harker, Mina Murray (later Mina Harker), and Dr. Seward write the largest contributions to the novel although the writings of Lucy Westenra and Abraham Van Helsing constitute some key parts of the book. The novel has a slightly journalistic feel, as it is a harrowing account supposedly written by the people who witnessed

My Vacation - Original Writing - 1715 Words

We want to escape from our mundane routines, fly somewhere tropical with plenty of booze, and forget about Sharon in the opposite cubicle who never stops snapping her gum. Resort hotel or cruise ship, it doesn t matter. Just let me enjoy my measly two weeks of vacation while I can. We will then reluctantly return with embarrassing raccoon eyes from falling asleep on the beach with our sunglasses on and get back to work. When Sharon, between gum snaps, peers over the cubicle wall and asks how our vacation was, we ll merely shrug and say, Relaxing. And then it s back to waiting for the next opportunity to return to Kokomo. While this type of vacation may be rejuvenating and necessary for some people, more American travelers should strive for adventure rather than convenience in their travels. Instead of soaking up the sun, try soaking up the culture. You may find you ll have a lot more to talk about when you return. The first step is reconsidering your destination. Mexico, The Bahamas, Jamaica—these are beautiful tourist spots, but they re conventional. Millions of people travel to these places every year, and they come back with basically the same stories of white sand beaches and hotel buffets. Instead, consider less well-traveled places: Vietnam, Romania, South Africa, Mongolia—places many Americans might have a hard time identifying on a map. When I met my future partner, Rojina, in college, one of the first things she told me was that she was from Kathmandu,Show MoreRelatedMy Vacation - Original Writing1478 Words   |  6 Pageswasn’t snowing, but there was a slight frost on the windows of the car. My parents and I were embarking on a trip to Houston, Texas to see my grandparents for the holidays and I was beyond excited. Every year since I was born, we always went out to Texas to spend Christmas with them. We usually would drive a strenuous twelve hours, which made fo r a very tiring trip, for both me and my parents. However, this particular year, my parents decided to buy plane tickets. I had never been on a plane beforeRead MoreMy Family Vacation - Original Writing1935 Words   |  8 Pagesnormal may mean. We always took our summer family vacations in Durness in the Northwestern Highlands of Scotland. My Seanmhair, Skye Sutherland on my father’s side lived in a converted crofter cottage on the edge of the cliffs above the sea. The cottage is made of the same stone as the low walls near the cottage. I always loved going back each year to my father’s childhood home. The Highlands of Scotland were more than just the 5,333 miles from my home in Woodland Hills a suburb of Los Angeles,Read MoreSports Journalism : Career Goals1669 Words   |  7 Pagesin Sports Journalism Sports journalism consists of a few different writing jobs. The tasks at hand faced daily by a writer, qualifications that need to be met, and opportunities with pursuing a career in sports journalism. I am focusing more on the job of a sports writer. A career in sports journalism would be a good career for me because sports are intriguing to me, I view this career as an achievable career, and the job fits my lifestyle. Per Shelly Field, sports writers can work for local newspapersRead MoreMy Ambition In Life Essay To Become A C1082 Words   |  5 PagesMy ambition in life essay to become a collector Free Essays on My Ambition In Life To Become A Collector for students. Use our papers to help you with yours. My Ambition Become a Collector: exaggeration of your dream and thoughts of how you want to be in your life. My ambition is to become an IAS officer. Though I. My ambition in life is to become a teacher. There are a number of reasons for my choice. First, about 35 per cent of the people in India are illiterate. They are. Plan essay thirsha WebsitesRead MorePersonal Narrative : Nicholas Sparks1486 Words   |  6 PagesIt was an early spring Friday morning in my senior English class when I received a text from my dad: â€Å"I got us two tickets to the Nicholas Sparks movie premiere for The Lucky One tonight, and word has it that there’s lots of celebrities coming to town.† Of course, I was ecstatic and could hardly wait to get home from school and get ready. For my small hometown of New Bern, this was a huge deal. It only happened to be here because it’s Nicholas Sparks’ hometown as well. I drove home from school thatRead MoreEffectiveness of Juvenile Incarceration1357 Words   |  6 Pagesher parents Regina and Edward O’ Connor. At the age offive, she taught a chicken to walk backwards. O’Connor attended Georgia StateCollege for women, now Georgia College, in Milledgeville, majoring in sociology.She had showed a gift for satirical writing, as well as cartooning since she wasa child. By the end of her undergraduate education, O’Connor knew that writingwas her true passion. She spent two years at the prestigious School for Writersat the State University of Iowa on scholarship. She receivedRead MoreThreaded Classroom Discussion788 Words   |  3 PagesLesson Plan Title: Classroom Threaded Discussions Concept/Topic to Teach: Proper writing, behavior and idea exchanges in student groups Standards Addressed: 5th Grade - TC2(3-5) 2. Use various technology applications, including word processing and multimedia software. ELA2010(3) 38. Demonstrate command of the conventions of Standard English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing. Specific Objectives: The threaded discussion simulates traditional classroom discussion allowingRead MoreWhen I Was In Middle School, My Ambition Was To Become1330 Words   |  6 Pagesmiddle school, my ambition was to become a renowned author, like J. K. Rowling. Since that time, my academic focus has changed but my interest in story crafting and written reflection remains a part of my life. Creative fiction is where most of my writing ambitions lie. I enjoy the process of building fictitious world, characters, and scenarios, although, unfortunately, I have not yet found a story I am passionate enough about to turn into a long-term project. In high school and my first semesterRead MoreHow Does It Feel to Be a Problem ?935 Words   |  4 Pagesthink that America is the land of care-free young adults who have nothing to worry about.Being Arab in America has never been easy. Being young Arab living in America is quite something. When I first laid eye on the book,which was given to me by my great English Dr. Sameer Ismaeel, Al-Najah university,I thought it was another book of how miserable Arabs are in the United States.These stories are fimiliar in the Arab world.People are divided into two categories,those who glorify America and makeRead More John Steinbeck Essay1735 Words   |  7 PagesSchool, an experience he generally disliked, but one bright spot in his high school carrer was his ninth grade English teacher, Miss Cupp. She admired the compositions he wrote and encouraged him to continue with his writing. Throughout high school, John spent most of his free time writing stories in his room. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;John graduated from HS in 1919 and then went to Stanford University. John wanted to study to be a writer, but his mother wanted him to be something practical, like

Family Genogram Essay - 2349 Words

The objective of doing the genogram is to get to know the patient by gaining understanding of his/her family background. Assessing the family using systemic approach enables health care providers to learn about the ways in which family members interact, what are the family expectations and norms, how effective is the members communication, who makes decisions and how the family deals with life time stressors (Hockenberry Wilson, 2007). This paper outlines the assessment and analysis of the three generation of Wits’ and Smiths’ families, its relationship, health pattern, habits, tradition and structure. It also provides a nursing teaching plan. The interview was conduced with Alina Wit, a second generation mother of three. Wits and†¦show more content†¦In spite the fact that Wit’s live far away form their extended family, Alina and Lucian always tray to help out their siblings in any way possible; such as with money or clothes. Luck also is give portion of his pay check to help his parents with bills and home payments. Another important cultural aspect is religion. As observed in the genogram, all of the family members from either side are Catholic. Religion is a significant part of their life. Wit’s raise their children to be devoted Catholics. Every Sunday, they go to the church and read The Bible. Whenever in stress or sickness, for example when Alina was diagnosed with breast cancer, they would pray to God for her recovery. Wits think that whatever had happened to them and how their life had turned out is thank to God’s mercy. Alina’s family has many strengths and weaknesses. An important portion of family dynamics is caring. Wits present with strong bond and the appreciation that every family member has for each other. Alina is the central person that provides a lot of affection to her children as well as her husband. She always wants everyone to be happy. Also, everyone in this family have each other back. For example, when Alina was diagnosed with the breast cancer, everyone was supportive and wanted to provide help. For Alina, it was a devastating situation; she was going through emotional rollercoaster. However her family did not give up on her. Together as a time they helped Alina to go throughShow MoreRelatedFamily Genogram1258 Words   |  6 PagesPSYC 2103 Genogram Project A genogram is a type of family tree, but with more detailed information. It is often used as a diagnostic and assessment tool by physicians or counselors to obtain individual and family history in order to help in the establishment of a diagnosis and treatment plan. This semester, you will have the opportunity to construct a family genogram for informational purposes. You will develop a genogram, documenting information from both sides of your family (maternalRead MoreGenogram: Family and Grandmother Essay1357 Words   |  6 PagesFamily Genogram Project Liberty University Family Genogram Project The purpose of a student construing a genogram is to help a student gain an understanding of his/her family background. By gaining knowledge of one family it can help the student assist other understand how to help their clients. However, genograms backbone is a graphic depiction of how different family member are biologically, legally, and emotionally related to one another from one generation to the next (McGoldrickRead MoreFamily Genogram is Similar to the Family Tree730 Words   |  3 PagesFamily Genogram A genogram is a tool similar to a family tree that is used to track family history and family relationships. 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Although we had our differencesRead MoreFamily Subsystem Genograms Paper2789 Words   |  12 PagesBuckman Family Subsystem Genogram Gil, Karen, Kevin, Taylor and Justin Buckman analysis The family chose is Gil, Karen, and their children Kevin, Taylor, and Justin they are a pretty normal down to earth family, with minor issues. The main issue is Gil and his neuroticism; he seems to have obsessive compulsive disorder, because what is happening is that it is affecting their oldest child Kevin the most, the other two are affected but not to the extent that KevinRead MoreWhat A Genogram Is More Than A Family Tree1293 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction A genogram is more than a family tree. It is a visual interpretation of a family and their relationships. A genogram says a lot about a family. It uses symbols to describe the relationships between family members. One can use a genogram to tell the dynamics of a family. Sometimes, there are patterns that are passed down generation to generation. The purpose of this paper is to go into more detail about what a genogram is and what it means. Also, I have provided a genogram of my family on theRead MoreFamily Genogram Is Fairly Large At First Glance1504 Words   |  7 Pages The â€Å"Beeland-White† family genogram is fairly large at first glance. On both sides of the chart, one sees ‘hostile’, ‘neutral’, ‘distant’, and ‘close’ relationships with the Beeland side having one ‘very close’ relationship. There are also emotional and power triangles present. One can also view cross-generational patterns specifically dea ling with hostile relationships, which causes an influence on the relationships that I have. My parents are Bryant Beeland and Carol White Beeland. For the lastRead MoreFamily Genogram Project Essay examples3555 Words   |  15 PagesNarrative Family Counseling Approach Research Paper Keltic University Abstract Narrative therapy is a social constructive philosophical approach to psychotherapy that has been developed to help clients deconstruct their negative and self-defeating life stories while rebuilding healthy and positive life stories through the use of various techniques. This paper will discuss the leading figures, some concepts and techniques, ethics, some similarities and dissimilarities of other theories comparedRead MoreGenogram Narrative Family Systems1769 Words   |  8 Pages Genogram Written Narrative HSC 6323/Family Systems June 15, 2011 Professor Michael Hardin Lubbock Christian University Genograms are an excellent way to show the multigenerational family as a whole. When looking at a genogram, it is easier to see various pieces of information that exist within the family system. When creating a genogram, it is necessary to obtain a great deal of information to allow for accuracy as well as proficiency within the genogram. OverallRead MoreGraduation Speech : Honors And Integrity Statement1555 Words   |  7 Pages BLOOD SPEAKS ITSELF A Genogram Paper Honors and Integrity Statement I certify that this Genogram Paper is my own written work and that I have not copied from any other student, text or source in a manner that would violate the rules of plagiarism outlined by Nursing 7 and San Joaquin Delta College. I realize that a violation of the rules of plagiarism will result in a course failure and possible dismissal from the college.

Economics the Legal Environment of Business free essay sample

The skills I want and need to develop and/or attributes want to cultivate are: peaking more slowly, staying on topic, and engaging more with others. Speak king more slowly Bad habit number one for me is the fact that, when get nervous, I talk really, really fast. It is as if am trying to make it through a topic as quickly as possible, or that feel what I have to say is far less significant or interesting than what other people have to say. From the standpoint of someone watching the presentation this habit causes several problems.First, the subject matter becomes very difficult to follow. Particularly when m covering a topic that is either technical or philosophical in nature, people need to have plenty of time to digest your points in a piecemeal fashion. Firing off point after point in rapid succession is only going to lose people amidst a tsunami of information which worsens over time. We will write a custom essay sample on Economics the Legal Environment of Business or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Secondly, speaking too quickly drastically undermines the opportunity for group participation and discussion because it eats up the empty space people need to synthesize what has been discussed.Questions that arise during the course of a talk can really add to its interest, and enable people to tie in a epic to their personal context or circumstances which in turn can increase the degree of engagement they have and how much attention they are paying. Personally, I am not interested in playing the expert and lecturing a passively attentive audience. I want discussion, debate, expressions of alternative viewpoints, and an overall sense of a group or network activity that just so happens to incorporate a presentation element at the beginning to set the Stage and help frame the discussion.Staying on topic Bad habit number two for me is I ramble, sometimes badly. What this entails in my case is much like riding a bumper car. I will start with one topic; my sights set firmly on a destination, and then, upon colliding with an unrelated point, suddenly head off in another direction, frequently never to return. Slightly less damaging to a presentation than the last two habits but nonetheless critical is connecting with people. In my view this incorporates a few different factors, not the least of which includes leaving room for others to inject points or share their experiences, and paying attention to the vibe of he room.The first aspect, leaving room for discussion, have mentioned already. This may not be relevant to anyone of course, since some people like to have a passively attentive audience hanging on to every word they say. Am not one of those people and see myself as just on individual in a roomful of people, each of whom have something valuable to contribute, or relevant experiences they can share, which add an element of context to the discussion. Self improvement plan for writing and presentation skills My self improvement plan is simple.I will first speak on issues that I have a passion. I have noticed that if I am speaking on a subject that have a passion for, words flow out smoothly and accurately. Secondly, whatever the topic, I will allot enough time for preparation. I sometimes prepare for a presentation the night before and this brings on a lot of my anxiety during the presentation. Thirdly, recording my presentations will allow me to see where I am weak and give me a visual of how others see me. Can also have colleagues to view my presentation and offer me advice on areas that I can improve upon.

Duke Ellington Essays (851 words) - Duke Ellington,

Duke Ellington Duke Ellington was one of the most influential jazz musicians ever. In a time when music was going through a transformation from a ragtime style to a jazz-blues mix, Duke was there to add his own style. He was a composer, conductor, and pianist who revolutionized the way music was written and earned the title of being the great American composer. (Williams, 51) Duke Ellington was born in Washington, D.C. in 1899. At the age of 17 he began to play professionally. Due to his love of music, Duke dropped out of high school to pursue his career as a musician in New York. He arrived in New York in 1923, where Ellington found that his plans were ruined as the job which awaited him was no longer available. Next, Duke just happened to run into an old friend, Ada Smith, who help Duke's band get a job in the club she worked at. The big city, in the 1920's, was not as glamorous as most people thought it was. Working in the club, Duke Ellington found himself around shady characters and gun toting gangsters. Duke's workplace was a hazard in itself. Duke was constantly dodging thrown bottles from drunks and bullets on a regular basis. Instead, Duke did not allow any of these things to get in the way of his career or creativity. In this period of time, racism and segregation was a huge problem in society. Through his musical talent, Duke Ellington was able to close the gap between the white upper-class and the black lower-class. Duke would play in such fancy joints as the Cotton Club, not to mention cheap rent parties that he made only a dollar a night. Unlike most musicians, Duke did not play for the money. He played his music to please his audience. Soon, white people who only chose to watch white performers, found themselves listening to soothing music of Duke Ellington. Whites, blacks, and gangsters stood side-by-side at clubs and even sat at the same tables to listen to Duke. It was as if both of these races and lifestyles were united through this intangible force, the universal language of music. (Brown, 39-45) On the musical side of Duke Ellington's achievements would have to be his contributions towards transforming the traditional jazz-influenced American dance band of the time, to a real jazz orchestra(Williams, 51). With the help of Fletcher Henderson, a fellow band leader, Duke was able to focus less on the dancing areas of jazz, but more on the musical side. This led to a greater quality of jazz. Not know to many, Ellington wished to write his own musical, but never succeeded in starting one. Regardless, he is considered by many, our greatest American composer in any style of music(Williams, 232). Another one of Duke Ellington's achievements was his ability to excite the audience with his performances. With his electrifying concerts which Ellington put on, he was able to make jazz and music as a whole grow to a popularity which rivaled like the American pastime, baseball. From old people to young people, Duke has made jazz into something special. It is this achievement which I feel gives the people of the 1920's an advantage over those of today; the experience of enjoying a variety of music(Brown, 148). Unlike many of the band leaders of his time, Duke Ellington chose to allow his band members to play however they felt was right for them. Aware of each members' ability, he would build his music around them, instead of writing music the way he thought it should be played(Brown, 48-50). Through improvisation, Duke introduced a whole new dimension of jazz. Duke's success in seeing the different colors of each instrument must have been because he was also a skilled painter. He once referred to each scale as a different color, and a musical scale as a rainbow(Brown, 226). Without the introduction of improvising in music, we would find today's music lacking in much liveliness which brings along enjoyment. Duke Ellington's contributions to the world of the 1920's span from advancements of music in other cultures, to the lasting impressions he had upon jazz. Music to Duke was more than a way for him to make a living, but something of a color, life, and meaning. Duke Ellington described music best in his quote: Wise and patient, Unfathomably kind, Music is the woman you always wanted to find (Ellington, 39). Duke Ellington was connected to music by a strong force, making him leave his

Free Essays on Ambush In Mogadishu

The Ambush in Mogadishu The Ambush in Mogadishu is the account of the most violent U.S. combat firefight since Vietnam. The United States had been supplying food to starving people preceding this conflict. Warlord Mohamed Farah Aidid and his clansmen had been stealing the food. The United States then stepped in to stop this from happening (Whelan). The United States declared Aidid guilty of committing crimes against humanity. In an attempt to arrest him rebel forces engaged in a firefight that killed eighteen and injured eighty-four Americans. In 1992, the United States sent Marines to Somalia as part of United Nations peacekeeping force (Operation Restore Hope) providing food to millions of starving people. Due to a civil war that had cost the lives of more than three hundred thousand people, international intervention was more than warranted (Cuny). After the conflict quieted down and United States Marines departed, local warlords battling for control of Somalia soon raided United Nations food distribution sites and killed United Nations personnel. The warlords controlled the country by starving their people (Davis). No matter that the rest of the world was supplying vast amounts of aid to relief organizations, the people were starving to death by the thousands. Following the slaughter of United Nations peacekeeping forces, the United States responded with a show of force Task Rangers were sent to Somalia with the primary mission of arresting warlord Mohammed Farah Aidid and his two top lieutenants of his fellow clansmen for crimes against humanity (Holmes). On October 3, 1993 members of the Delta Forces and Rangers were engaged in a pitched battle against rebel forces on the streets of Mogadishu, Somalia. The mission had been to extricate rebel leaders from a known meeting place and should have been completed within an hour. Having met heavy rebel opposition, the eighteen-hour battle resulted in a loss of eighteen ... Free Essays on Ambush In Mogadishu Free Essays on Ambush In Mogadishu The Ambush in Mogadishu The Ambush in Mogadishu is the account of the most violent U.S. combat firefight since Vietnam. The United States had been supplying food to starving people preceding this conflict. Warlord Mohamed Farah Aidid and his clansmen had been stealing the food. The United States then stepped in to stop this from happening (Whelan). The United States declared Aidid guilty of committing crimes against humanity. In an attempt to arrest him rebel forces engaged in a firefight that killed eighteen and injured eighty-four Americans. In 1992, the United States sent Marines to Somalia as part of United Nations peacekeeping force (Operation Restore Hope) providing food to millions of starving people. Due to a civil war that had cost the lives of more than three hundred thousand people, international intervention was more than warranted (Cuny). After the conflict quieted down and United States Marines departed, local warlords battling for control of Somalia soon raided United Nations food distribution sites and killed United Nations personnel. The warlords controlled the country by starving their people (Davis). No matter that the rest of the world was supplying vast amounts of aid to relief organizations, the people were starving to death by the thousands. Following the slaughter of United Nations peacekeeping forces, the United States responded with a show of force Task Rangers were sent to Somalia with the primary mission of arresting warlord Mohammed Farah Aidid and his two top lieutenants of his fellow clansmen for crimes against humanity (Holmes). On October 3, 1993 members of the Delta Forces and Rangers were engaged in a pitched battle against rebel forces on the streets of Mogadishu, Somalia. The mission had been to extricate rebel leaders from a known meeting place and should have been completed within an hour. Having met heavy rebel opposition, the eighteen-hour battle resulted in a loss of eighteen ...

Based on a classroom learning experience, discuss the social Essay

Based on a classroom learning experience, discuss the social psychological influences on your academic achievement - Essay Example Your academic success today is not necessarily indicative of your success in the future. Working to improve shows others that you have not given up on yourself, so others will not likely give up on you (Ekeler, W. 1997).† The aspiration of every parent for their children is that they develop themselves into mature individuals who can have faith and confidence in themselves that they will succeed in life. Although the interaction within the family is a factor that can help mold the attitude and characteristics of the students, the parents have a high regard for the teachers in school to reinforce this perception. It is a fact, that in the schooling years, the children would spend at least one-third of the day in school, five days a week, thus the influence of the teachers and the interrelationship with their peers, provide the bigger factor in a child’s social development. While in school, the student have to decide with whom to conform, either with a chosen group, or the teacher’s influence with regards to his identity, that he had seemingly impressed upon the teacher. It can help when one realizes how difficult it is to decide whether to belong to a group, or to take the risk of giving up old friends, being aware that time will come, when they will be going in different directions. One discouraging idea for an individual to pursue the satisfaction of his own self identity, is that it can be lonely. Generally, a student is not aware of the Social Identity Theory, which explains that a person has not one personal self, but rather several selves that correspond to widening circles of group membership, in which the quest for positive distinctiveness means that people’s sense of who they are is defined in terms of â€Å"we† rather than â€Å"I.† (2010) A classroom experience has the tendency to implant a lasting impact, and unbeknownst to the teachers, can affect the attitude and behavior of a student towards his learning gr owth or outlook towards himself. For example, the process by which the teachers would normally segregate the students in a classroom, based on their own judgment, which is not always true and accurate, can prove to be discouraging. There was this one student who believes he has the potential to excel. However, he has not shown that side of him yet, because there was no chance. The teacher did not see him as an achiever, therefore, he was placed among the lower set, while the perceived achievers were grouped seated separately. Naturally, he was not given an opportunity to show his bright academic side. He got easily influenced with the others in his group, who were comfortable and conveniently happy that the teachers did not expect much from them. Therefore, he did not see the importance of working and studying harder. During the final test, he got a low mark, even though, at the start of the sessions, he was confident that he has the ability to tackle complex exercises. The above ex perience may be the result of first impressions that readily form the social perception. If there is no special reason to think negatively about a person, one's first impression of that person will normally be positive, as people tend to give others the benefit of the doubt. However, people are especially attentive to negative factors, and if these are present,

Session 17 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Session 17 - Essay Example Had Steve handed over the records to be looked at by a professional accountant, the actual details would have come to light much sooner and it is highly likely that Steve would have reconsidered and not bought out Jack’s business. UK Law holds that if a representation was made during negotiations, which later transpire to be no longer true, there is a duty to make a correction4. Under UK Law the misrepresentee (Steve) can sue for damages as well as any losses resulting for his relying on the misrepresentor’s (Jack’s) statement about the state of the business5. Although Steve did not totally rely on Jack’s statement and only purchased the business after Rob had given his OK, nevertheless Jack knowingly did make a statement that ordinarily would have been enough to persuade Steve to buy the business. Jack’s statement was a lie and masked his fraudulent intentions. The remedies could be compensation for damages (for example loss of ?30,000 in yearly tu rnover) or even a rescinding of the sale. Steve has heard that Jack is intending to join a pharmacy at a local superstore so clearly he has found someone to look after his pedigree dogs. It was held in HIH Insurance Ltd v Chase Manhattan Bank6 that it is never possible to avoid liability for false misrepresentation.

Carl Gustav Jung Essay Example for Free

Carl Gustav Jung Essay Carl Gustav Jung, (26 July 1875 – 6 June 1961), was a Swiss psychologist and psychiatrist, and the founder of analytical psychology. His work and influence extends way beyond understanding personality, and he is considered to be one of the greatest thinkers to have theorised about life and how people relate to it. However, for the purpose of this assignment I will concentrate on Jung’s theory of Psychological Types. In this essay I aim to demonstrate an understanding of Jung’s personality types by describing and evaluating his theory and to show how they might useful in helping a therapist to determine therapeutic goals. Jung (1990, p.531) states that’ from earliest times, attempts have been made to classify individuals according to types, and so bring order to the chaos. The oldest attempts known to us were made by oriental astrologers who devised the so-called trigons of the four elements air, water, earth, and fire. The air trigon in the horoscope consists of the three aerial signs of the zodiac, Aquarius, Gemini, Libra; the fire trigon is made up of Aries, Leo, Sagittarius. According to this age old view, whoever is born in these trigons shares in their aerial or fiery nature and will have a corresponding temperament and fate.‘ In the same paragraph, Jung states that ‘the astrological type theory, to the astonishment of the enlightened, still remains intact today,’ which is true. Closely connected with the astrological type theory is the division into the four temperaments which corresponds to the four humors (Jung, 1990, p.531). A Greek physician, Claudius Galen (AD130 200), distinguished four basic temperaments: the sanguine, the phlegmatic, the choleric, and the melancholic. Galen’s theory goes back to the ancient Greek physician Hippocrates’ (460 370BC), who described physical illness as being caused by the balance of bodily fluids, or humors as he labelled them’ (Maltby, et al, 2007, p.159). These bodily fluids are blood, black bile, yellow bile, and phlegm. Galen expanded on Hippocrates’ theory and applied it to describe human personality, stating that when the humors were in balance, an equitable temperament was the result, however, if the humors were out of balance, then physical illness and mental disturbance occurred (Maltby et al, 2007, p.160). However, ‘by the time of the Middle Ages, scholars dismissed the idea that bodily fluids were directly implicated in personality traits. But the behavioural descriptions associated with the four humours lived on’ (McAdams, 2000, p.256). Galen’s four temperaments provided much inspiration and historical reference for Carl Jung’s theory of psychological types. According to Jung’s theory we are all different in fundamental ways and each psychological type has a different idea of what it means to achieve personal success. However, www.personalitypage.com states that, ‘so many people are hung up on somebody else’s idea of what it means to be successful, that they are unaware of what is truly important to them‘. I agree, because for many years, I wanted to be somebody else as that person’s life seemed so much better than mine, or so I thought at the time. Jung was one of the few psychologists in the twentieth century to maintain that development extends beyond childhood and adolescence through mid-life and into old age (Stevens, 2001, p.38). Jung insisted that ‘we never finish the process of self-examination and growth that charts our journey towards individuation.’ (Snowdon, 2010, p.86). In my case, I believe I am on that journey of accepting myself as I truly am, becoming my true ‘self‘. Stevens (2001, p.38) claims that ‘it could be brought to the highest fruition if one worked with and confronted the unconscious,’ and for me, it is and has been important to face the ‘monsters that lurk’ (Snowdon, 2010, p.86) in my unconscious, even when it has been uncomfortable to do so. According to Jung, like Freud, there are three levels of consciousness in the psyche (mind);- conscious, personal unconscious and collective unconscious. Snowdon (2010, p.56) states that ‘the individual psyche is always changing as it seeks growth and wholeness.’ Jung referred to the ego when describing the more conscious aspect of the personality, the part of the psyche that selects perceptions, thoughts, feelings and memories that may enter our conscious awareness. Stevens (2002, p. 62) states that ‘the ego is then centre of consciousness and is responsible for our continuing sense of identity.’ The personal unconscious comprises of ‘all the acquisitions of personal life, everything forgotten, repressed, subliminally perceived, thought, felt’ (Jung, 1990, p.485). This is an aspect of the unconscious that Freud also emphasized and these forgotten experiences are accessible to consciousness, and for both Freud and Jung, ‘the exploration of the unconscious is the key to personal insight’ (McAdams, 2000, p. 135). Conscious attitudes within the psyche should always be balanced by unconscious attitudes, and Snowdon (2010, p.56) claims that ‘if a conscious attitude grows too strong then the unconscious will always seek to restore equilibrium,’ by means of dreams, fantasies, slips of the tongue and so on. However, if the unconscious message is ignored, then ‘neurosis or even disease may result’ (Stevens, 2010, p.57). Where the personal unconscious is unique for each individual the collective unconscious is not an ‘individual acquisition but rather the functioning of the inherited brain structure, which in its broad outlines is the same in all human beings (Jung, 1954, p.117). Therefore, the collective unconscious represents the shared experiences, emotions and memories we have inherited from previous generations. Jung believed that we were born with a built-in human developmental programme, which is buried deep within the collective unconscious (Snowdon, 2010, p. 80). According to Jung, the personal unconscious contains various complexes, while the collective unconscious contains archetypes (see Fig 1) ‘Complexes are related groups of emotionally charged ideas, thoughts and images’ (Snowdon, 2010, p.61), and can exert a strong influence on the thoughts and behaviour of a person. Some complexes may be beneficial and others may be potentially harmful, and Jung (1990, p.529) states that ‘complexes do not necessarily indicate inferiority. It only means that something discordant, unassimilated, antagonistic exists, perhaps as an obstacle, but also as an incentive to greater effort, and so, perhaps to new possibilities of achievement.’ Therefore, a therapist may use this knowledge to bring to the forefront of the client’s consciousness, a situation which they may be finding difficult to overcome. Complexes can be related to a particular archetype, Stevens (2001, p.48) states that ‘complexes are personifications of archetypes; they are the means through which archetypes manifest themselves in the personal psyche.’ An archetype is a universal thought form or predisposition to respond to the world in certain ways (Jung, 1936), and Jung believed they appeared to us in dreams, myths, religions, art and symptoms. Engler (1991, p.86) claimed that ‘it is helpful for us to get in touch with them because they represent the latent potentially of the psyche.’ The widely recognised archetypes are the persona, the shadow, the anima and the animus, and the self. The persona archetype is the mask that a person wears to hide their true nature from society. The shadow is an unconscious part of the personality that contains weaknesses and other aspects of personality that a person cannot admit to having’ (Snowdon, 2010, p.68). The anima is the unconscious feminine aspect of a man’s personality, and the animus is the masculine aspect of a woman’s personality. The self is the central archetype and true midpoint of the personality (Engler, 1991, p.89). A criticism of Jung’s theory was his lack of empirical research, in which his theory has been attacked as being non-falsifiable and unscientific (Hergenhahn, 1994, p.93). Jung based his psychology on explorations of his own inner world, as well as his work with people ranging from ‘normal’ to those with neurotic problems and even those suffering from psychosis (Snowdon, 2010, p.XXVI). Eysenck (Engler, 2009, p.316) believed that from the point of view of science, Jung’s contribution to the study of personality types was primarily negative as he permitted mystical notions to override empirical data. However, Jung was unconcerned claiming that he ‘cannot experience himself as a scientific problem. Myth is more individual and expresses life more precisely that does science (Stevens, 2001, p.156).’ Jung’s description of personality states that in order to identify a psychological type, it is necessary to determine whether a person’s psychic energy (libido) is turned inwards towards the subject (introversion), or outwards towards the object (extroversion). Introverts are people who prefer their own inner world of thoughts and feelings, whilst extroverts prefer the external world towards external relationships and objects. According to Jung (1990, p.415) ‘the presence of two attitudes is extremely frequent,’ although one is generally dominant and conscious and the other is subordinate and unconscious. However, McAdams (2000, p.310) claims that ‘Eysenck, a British psychologist of German origin, rejected the idea that conscious extroversion is connected to unconscious introversion, and vice versa.’ Unlike Jung, Eysenck linked extroversion and introversion to differences in brain activity, however this theory is speculative and Eysenck acknowledged that his hypotheses ‘must stand and fall by empirical confirmation’ (Eysenck, 1965). Introvert and extrovert dimensions are now found in several theories, one of those being Hans Eysenck’s theory of personality. Although Eysenck expressed considerable disdain for Jung’s approach to psychological types, some of his ideas were rather similar, for example, ’both defined the concepts by making reference to the direction of a person’s approach to life’ (McAdams, 2000, p.309). However, in other ways Eysenck’s concepts were quite difference, for example, whilst Jung believed that a person can be classified as either extroverted or introverted, he believed that most people fall somewhere between the two attitudes, ‘combining qualities of both the extroverted and introverted poles’ (McAdams, p. 310). Like Jung, Eysenck examined historical approaches to personality as well as conducting various methods of research, to uncover the underlying structure of personality. Eysenck suggested that the basic dimensions of personality may be summarised in the diagram below (see Fig 2), which show the two main dimensions of extroversion-introversion and stable-unstable, with the traits associated with each personality type. The diagram also shows how the four temperaments are related to these types.

frost Essay -- essays research papers

The Road Not Taken In line one, Frost introduces the elements of his primary metaphor, the diverging roads. Lines two to three expresses the speaker's disappointment with his human limitations; he must make a choice. The choice is not easy, since "long I stood" before coming to a decision. Lines four and five examine the path as best the narrator can. However his vision is limited because the path bends and is covered over. These lines indicate that although the speaker would like to acquire more information, he is prevented from doing so because of the nature of his environment. In the following three lines, lines six through eight, the speaker indicates that the second path is a more attractive choice because it appears as though nobody has ventured down it recently. However, he remains ambivalent, since the traveled path is "just as fair.?Although the poet breaks for a new stanza after line 10, the comparison of the paths continues in lines nine through twelve. Here, the speaker state s that the paths are "really about the same." Neither path has been traveled lately. Although he's searching for a clear logical reason to choose a single path, not one presents itself. In lines thirteen through fifteen, the speaker makes his decision. He tries to rationalize that he will be able to traverse both paths one day. However, he is quick to dismiss his hopes. Ending line thirteen, the exclamation point conveys excitement, but that excitement is quickly undercut by the admission contained in the following lines. In the final four lines, the only stanza beginning with a new sentence, the tone clearly shifts. The speaker imagines himself in the future, discussing his life. What he suggests, here, though, appears to contradict what he has said earlier. At the end of the poem, in the future, he will claim that the paths were different from each other and that he, courageous, did not choose the conventional one. Frost's quarrel with the world is apparent in this poem. The speaker of this poem, presumable Frost himself, is forced to make a decision. Literally, he must choose a path in the woods. However, Frost's paths in the woods metaphorically describe the decisions that one must make in life. Frost is perturbed with the world because, like the speaker, he has to choose between two divergent paths. Each path appears to be suitable, yet, Fro... ... done something or spoken a word that indicates who he really is, there is no turning back, in cannot be undone. Once again at the end of the poem regret hangs over the traveler. He realizes that at the end of his life, somewhere ages and ages hence? he will have the regrets about having never gone back and traveling the road he did not take. Yet, he remains proud of his decision and recognizes that it was this path that he chose which helped him live the life he did. â€Å"I took the road less traveled by and that has made all the difference? To this man, the most important thing was that he did not have to follow the crowd and could stand independent and travel down the road he really wanted to. If he had not, he would not be the same man he is now. There are many equally valid meanings to this poem and Robert Frost may have intended this. He may have been trying to achieve a universal meaning. In other words, there is no real moral to the poem. There is simply a narrator who makes a decision in his life that changed the direction of his life. It allows all readers from all different experiences to relate to the poem and encourages each to peruse his own dreams and individuality. frost Essay -- essays research papers The Road Not Taken In line one, Frost introduces the elements of his primary metaphor, the diverging roads. Lines two to three expresses the speaker's disappointment with his human limitations; he must make a choice. The choice is not easy, since "long I stood" before coming to a decision. Lines four and five examine the path as best the narrator can. However his vision is limited because the path bends and is covered over. These lines indicate that although the speaker would like to acquire more information, he is prevented from doing so because of the nature of his environment. In the following three lines, lines six through eight, the speaker indicates that the second path is a more attractive choice because it appears as though nobody has ventured down it recently. However, he remains ambivalent, since the traveled path is "just as fair.?Although the poet breaks for a new stanza after line 10, the comparison of the paths continues in lines nine through twelve. Here, the speaker state s that the paths are "really about the same." Neither path has been traveled lately. Although he's searching for a clear logical reason to choose a single path, not one presents itself. In lines thirteen through fifteen, the speaker makes his decision. He tries to rationalize that he will be able to traverse both paths one day. However, he is quick to dismiss his hopes. Ending line thirteen, the exclamation point conveys excitement, but that excitement is quickly undercut by the admission contained in the following lines. In the final four lines, the only stanza beginning with a new sentence, the tone clearly shifts. The speaker imagines himself in the future, discussing his life. What he suggests, here, though, appears to contradict what he has said earlier. At the end of the poem, in the future, he will claim that the paths were different from each other and that he, courageous, did not choose the conventional one. Frost's quarrel with the world is apparent in this poem. The speaker of this poem, presumable Frost himself, is forced to make a decision. Literally, he must choose a path in the woods. However, Frost's paths in the woods metaphorically describe the decisions that one must make in life. Frost is perturbed with the world because, like the speaker, he has to choose between two divergent paths. Each path appears to be suitable, yet, Fro... ... done something or spoken a word that indicates who he really is, there is no turning back, in cannot be undone. Once again at the end of the poem regret hangs over the traveler. He realizes that at the end of his life, somewhere ages and ages hence? he will have the regrets about having never gone back and traveling the road he did not take. Yet, he remains proud of his decision and recognizes that it was this path that he chose which helped him live the life he did. â€Å"I took the road less traveled by and that has made all the difference? To this man, the most important thing was that he did not have to follow the crowd and could stand independent and travel down the road he really wanted to. If he had not, he would not be the same man he is now. There are many equally valid meanings to this poem and Robert Frost may have intended this. He may have been trying to achieve a universal meaning. In other words, there is no real moral to the poem. There is simply a narrator who makes a decision in his life that changed the direction of his life. It allows all readers from all different experiences to relate to the poem and encourages each to peruse his own dreams and individuality.

Community: Sharing One Skin

The Okanagan people, also spelled Okanogan, are a First Nations and Native American people whose traditional territory spans the U. S. -Canada boundary in Washington state and British Columbia. (Wiki, 2011) Known in their own language as the Syilx, they are part of the Interior Salish ethnological and linguistic groupings, the Okanagan are closely related to the Spokan, Sinixt, Nez Perce, Pend Oreille, Shuswap and Nlaka'pamux peoples in the same region. Wiki, 2011) When the Oregon Treaty partitioned the Pacific Northwest in 1846, the portion of the tribe remaining in what became Washington Territory reorganized under Chief Tonasket as a separate group from the majority of the Okanagans, whose communities remain in Canada. (Wiki, 2011) The Okanagan Tribal Alliance, however, also incorporates the American branch of the Okanagans, who are part of the Confederated Tribes of the Colville, a multi-tribal government in Washington State. Wiki, 2011) The bounds of Okanagan territory are roughly the Basin of Okanagan Lake and the Okanagan River, plus the basin of the Similkameen River to the west of the Okanagan valley, and some of the uppermost valley of the Nicola River. (Wiki, 2011) The various Okanagan communities in British Columbia and Washington form the Okanagan Nation Alliance, a border-spanning organization which includes American-side Okanogans resident in the Colville Indian Reservation, where the Okanagan people are sometimes known as Colvilles. Wiki, 2011) A group of Okanagan people in the Nicola Valley, which is at the northwestern perimeter of Okanagan territory, are known in their dialect as the Spaxomin, and are joint members in a historic alliance with neighboring communities of the Nlaka'pamux in the region known as the Nicola Country, which is named after the 19th Century chief who founded the alliance, Nicola. (Wiki, 2011) This alliance today is manifested in the Nicola Tribal Association. As in the reading, you can imagine how spiritual and well-being play a huge role in their culture. Every word in their ulture has a very important meaning for their way of life. Jeannette Armstrong refers to her culture and the word â€Å"Okanagan† in a lot of deep and emotional depth. Armstrong explains the word Okanagan comes from a whole understanding of what they are as human beings. They can identify each other through that word in their interaction, prayer, and they identify there selves as human as well, different from birds trees and animals. The first part of the word refers to the physical realm. The second part of the word refers to the dream or the dream state, but Okanagan doesn’t precisely mean â€Å"dream. It actually means â€Å"the unseen part of our existence as human beings. † They are dream memory and imagination. The third part of the word means that if you take a number of strands, hair, or twine, place them together and then rub your hands and bind them together, they become one strand. Use this thought symbolically when you make a rope, twine, or weave a basket. They are tied into a part of everything. â€Å"I know my position and my responsibilities for that specific location and geographic area, which is how I introduce myself. The Okanagan people identify there selves as four main capacities that operate together: the physical self, the emotional self, the thinking-intellectual self, and the spiritual self. The Okanagan people teach that each person is born into a family and a community. No person is born isolated from those two things. As an Okanagan you are automatically accepted. You belong. You are them. Wouldn’t this be nice in our current society here in the U. S. The Okanagan refer to relationships with others using a word that means â€Å"our one skin. This means that they share more than a place; they share a physical tie that is uniquely human, that the many that became before the Okanagan and the many ahead of the Okanagan share their flesh. Community comes first, then family and finally the individual. This is interesting to me. Do you think we as a population have this line of thinking? I would have to say a big percent of us think of ourselves in this society. Indigenous people, not long removed from their cooperative, self-sustaining lifestyles on their lands do not survive well in this atmosphere of aggression and dispassion. The Okanagan word they have for extended family is translated as â€Å"sharing one skin. † The concept refers to blood ties within community and extends the instinct to protect our individual selves to all who share the same skin. Armstrong knows how powerful the solidarity is of peoples bound together by land, blood, and love. This is the largest threat to interests wanting to secure control of lands and resources that have been passed on in a healthy condition from generation to generation of families. Armstrong goes on to saying she is pessimistic about changes happening; the increase of crimes, worldwide disasters, total anarchy, and the possible increase of stateless oligarchies; borders are disappearing, and true sustainable economies are crumbling. However, she has learned that crisis can help build community so that it can face the crisis itself. Since time immemorial, the history of the Okanagan began, long before the arrival of the Europeans. They are the Syilx-speaking people – the original inhabitants of a vast and beautiful territory that encompasses forests, grasslands, lakes and desert. For thousands of years, the Okanagan people were self-reliant and well provided for through their own ingenuity and use of the land and nature. They lived united as a nation with a whole economy, travelling the breadth and depth of their territory, hunting and fishing, growing and harvesting, crafting and trading to meet their needs. Since reading this chapter of the Okanagan people, I have learned a lot about these very fascinating people. I also believe if every culture was like the Okanagan people, our planet would be a much peaceful, spiritual, and well respected place.

Elements in George Orwells Animal Farm - 861 Words

Animal Farm, written by George Orwell, depicts a group of animals who plot to destroy their master, Mr. Jones. The oldest and wisest pig on the farm, Old Major, told the other animals a story about a revolt called, The Rebellion. The pigs, which were considered to be the most intelligent of all the animals, devised a plan and successfully conquered Manor Farm. The animals ran the farm effectively, with the pigs overseeing and constantly developing new ideas. One pig, Snowball, was in favor of the improvements of the farm, while another pig, Napoleon, was seeking only personal success. They were both adamant about their viewpoints and often argued. When Snowball introduced a new plan to build a windmill, Napoleon disagreed and†¦show more content†¦The few who realized the danger were unable to convince the other animals because of the strong influence of Napoleon and Squealer. Another didactic element of Animal Farm is the importance of knowing and understanding histor y. The new generation of animals on the farm did not remember the Rebellion of Mr. Jones. Because they did not know what their ancestors fought for, they never protested Napoleons power. A third didactic quality of Animal Farm is in the importance of hard work. In the early part of the book, immediately following the Rebellion, the animals work extremely hard, and get the farm in even better shape than it was in human hands. When greedy Napoleon became the leader though, the animals were cheated and digressed from their former ways. This is revealed through Napoleons changing creed. He went from saying, All animals are equal, to, All animals are equal, but some are more equal than others. George Orwell added many aesthetic qualities to Animal Farm. The comparisons of this book to the Russian Revolution made it a masterpiece. Orwell makes clear analyses between the characters and the prominent figures of the Revolution. The events that took place on Animal Farm, although different in detail, were parallel to the Revolution. A second aesthetic element of Animal Farm is in the interaction between the animals. The conversations and descriptions that Orwell presents make Animal FarmShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of George Orwell s The Great Gatsby 1285 Words   |  6 PagesMack Allen Mr.Booth Period 6 English 12/3/14 Author Study of George Orwell George Orwell was a literary tactician who won two major awards because of hia advanced and intriguing use of propaganda. At first glance, his books appear to be stories about animals, however, they contain much deeper and influential meanings. Orwell is most recognized for his portrayal of dystopian societies and how they parallel present society. 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